Vestibular Physiotherapy versus multicomponent exercise in the functional improvement of the elderly
Abstract
Introduction: the ageing population has increased the incidence of balance and frailty issues in older adults. This study compares the effectiveness of vestibular physiotherapy (VP) and multicomponent exercise (ME) in improving functionality in elderly individuals over 70 years old. Material and method: a randomized controlled trial was conducted with 36 subjects over 70 years old from a geriatric center, divided into two groups: VP and ME. Both groups participated in a program of 5 weekly sessions for 6 weeks. Physical function was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), dynamic balance with the Time Up and Go (TUG) test, and gait speed. Results: both groups showed significant improvements in physical function post-intervention. No significant differences were observed in gait speed and dynamic balance between the groups. The ME group showed greater improvements in physical function compared to the VP group. Conclusion: results indicate that both vestibular physiotherapy and multicomponent exercise improve functional capacity in the elderly, with ME showing a greater impact on overall physical function. The lack of significant differences in some measures suggests that combining both approaches could maximize benefits. It is recommended to implement programs that combine vestibular and multicomponent exercises to optimize rehabilitation for this population.
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