Telehealth programs based on Physical Activity in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: a review of the literature

Abstract

Introduction: multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, causing a variety of symptoms including sensory and motor disturbances. Therefore, it is essential to develop strategies that improve the quality of life and mobility of these patients. In this context, tele-health emerges as a promising solution, not only to overcome barriers in accessing medical care, but also to facilitate participation in physical activity programs and other necessary treatments. Objective: identify tele-health programs focused on physical activity and highlight their most significant aspects. Material and method: a bibliographic search was conducted on Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed using Mesh/Desc terms. Subsequently, the collaborative web platform Rayyan was utilized to streamline the study selection process, with two evaluators independently participating. Finally, relevant data extraction was carried out for each selected study. Results: tele-health programs improved the quality of life, mobility capacity and general physical health of patients with multiple sclerosis. These programs have been implemented synchronously or asynchronously, making use of various tools such as web platforms, video games and digital material. Conclusions: tele-health programs focused on physical activity are emerging as an optimal strategy to improve the health condition of patients with multiple sclerosis.